GIMP functions as a raster graphics editor for photographic retouching, digital drawing, and format conversion. The application reads and writes many common file types while preserving original quality through non-destructive editing workflows. Users perform color correction, layer compositing, and batch operations through a modular interface.
The program supports automation through scripting interfaces for repetitive tasks. Photographers use GIMP for exposure adjustment, noise reduction, and cropping. Graphic designers rely on its layer masks and path tools for precise compositing work. The application runs on desktop computers without requiring an internet connection after installation.
GIMP includes tools for creating original artwork from a blank canvas. Brush engines simulate natural media including pencil, chalk, and watercolor. A pressure-sensitive tablet provides variable stroke width and opacity. The transform tools allow distortion of existing elements for perspective and proportion changes. Color management ensures consistent output across different display devices and printers.
| Removes unwanted objects by copying nearby pixels | Fixes blemishes while keeping texture and lighting |
| Corrects tilted images or shifts scene viewpoint | Reduces barrel and pincushion lens distortions |
| Supports pressure sensitive tablets for natural strokes | Create custom brushes from any image selection |
| Blends colors like wet paint with smudge tool | Simulates calligraphy pens with adjustable shape |
| Handles unlimited layers with blend modes | Group complex compositions into manageable sections |
| Masks hide parts without deleting pixel data | Link layers to move or transform together |
| Seven selection tools for precise object isolation | Save selections to channels for later reuse |
| Detects edges automatically along object boundaries | Free select creates hand drawn or polygonal shapes |
| Adjusts shadows, midtones, highlights independently | Precise tonal control using adjustable curve anchors |
| Shifts color balance across different tonal ranges | Removes color casts from mixed lighting conditions |
| Combines rotation, scaling, perspective in one operation | Cage transform deforms area with flexible mesh |
| Push pixels along brush stroke with warp tool | Apply transformations to layers, selections, paths |
| Creates Bézier curves with anchor control handles | Place text along paths for curved lettering |
| Convert paths to selections or stroke with paint | Export curves as SVG for vector applications |
| Renders text as fully editable separate layer | Format kerning, line spacing, alignment, indentation |
| Fill lettering with gradients or complex effects | Uses all system fonts plus custom additions |
| Over 150 built-in filters in organized categories | Non destructive previews before applying changes |
| Sharpens edges or adds depth to graphic elements | Gaussian blur softens images with adjustable radius |
| Automate edits across hundreds of files | Command line mode runs functions from scripts |
| Opens and saves more than 40 formats | Preserves layers and paths in native XCF |
| Imports Photoshop PSD files with layer support | RAW camera files open through external plug-ins |
| Stores layouts, shortcuts, presets in user profiles | Third-party plug-ins add filters and tools |
| Scripts in Python, Scheme, C automate workflows | Theme system changes icons and color schemes |